Microphone

 19} Microphone: The word Microphone come from the Greek word. In which Micro means ‘Small’ and Phone means ‘Voice’. Micro phone is a device which can convert Sound waves into the electronic signal. It can be used to amplified, transmitted, or recorded. In this device sound waves are in analog signals then it convert electronic signal as a digital signal. This device is originally developed by Emile Berliner in 1877 that allows computer user to input there sound waves in the Computer.

A microphone used in following ways,

·        Audio for video

·        Voice recording

·        Voice recognition

·        Recording musical instrument

·        Recording voice for dictation, Singing

·        Online chatting

·        Gaming

·        Amplification

·        Voice calling

There are wide range micro phones in the market some of them are present here,

·        Dynamics: Dynamic microphones are that which is seeing when the singer sings a song. It place in front of sound where it capture the sound waves. The technical bit is that these microphones use a moving coil magnetic diaphragm to produce the audio signal and can handle high Sound Pressure Levels (SPL). This is a very durable design. Consequently, a trade-off of this strength is a loss in clarity. Dynamic microphones are not very good with the more subtle stuff or with something that needs more “air”, room or ambience. Most close drum microphones are dynamics.  You will also find them in front of guitar and bass cabinets as well. In some Dynamic microphones they does not need power supply because there working is based on battery. These are low cost. Some of the Dynamic microphones types are the Shure SM57 and the Shure SM58.

·       Condensers: Condensers microphones are very sensitive in nature. They use a conductive diaphragm which vibrates with sound pressure and uses capacitance to create the audio signal. This is to stop excess air pressure vibrating the microphone.  Due to the fact they are so sensitive, you get a far more natural and transparent recording with a condenser microphone. They need phantom power to work (48V). Pencil condensers (named for their thin, tubular shape) have smaller diaphragms and are great on acoustic instruments. Large diaphragms are amazing on vocals, rooms, bass and even guitar cabs. Some of the best condenser microphones Rode NT1-A, M-Audio Nova, Blue Microphones Yeti, Rode NTK, AKG Pro C214, Neumann TLM-102 etc.

·        Ribbons: A ribbon microphone is definitely a microphone for the more professional recording artists or producers among us. It suspend a conductive “ribbon” element between two magnetic poles.  As the ribbon moves a voltage is created in the magnetic field. It has the weakest output of the three types and require more gain from the preamp to get to nominal levels. It capture sound from sound in a figure 8 pattern, from the front, and from the rear. The modern idea to these microphones is to make the top end sweet and musical, and the low end rich and usable. These features make these microphones very popular with those who want to record a wide range of acoustic instruments professionally. It can be quite expensive.

·       Headsets and lapel microphones:

They are the most use micro phones in every field. Headset microphones progessed lot over the years. The problem with the lapels is whenever the speaker turns their head far left or far right, their audio will lower due to the distance from the microphone. Headsets are often used while singing or dancing, while lapel microphones are often used by presenters on television. Some of these are given Sennheiser ew152G2 ME3 Headset Microphone, Audio-Technica ATW-701/H92-TH Wireless System, Shure PGX14 Lavaliere Wireless System.

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